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Provisional measures order issued by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in May 2024, modifying earlier orders in light of Israel's launch of its military offensive in Rafah, where more than a million displaced Palestinians had sought shelter (about 800,000 of whom had already fled by the time of the order). The court found that the Rafah offensive risked irreparable prejudice to Palestinian rights under the Genocide Convention, and issued additional binding measures requiring Israel to halt the military offensive in and around Rafah and to open the Rafah border crossing to allow humanitarian access. This source is recommended for legal researchers and advocates working on the ICJ proceedings and the specific question of the Rafah offensive. The May 2024 order addresses one of the most significant military escalations of the War on Gaza and provides a direct legal assessment of the risk posed to the Palestinian civilian population.
