Book by Ilan Pappe on Israeli military and state archives to document how Israel planned and administered the occupation of the West Bank and Gaza after 1967, arguing that control over the Palestinian population was designed as a permanent arrangement from the outset. Pappe traces the architecture of occupation from land confiscation, settlement expansion, movement restrictions, to collective punishment, showing how Gaza was progressively enclosed into what he describes as the world’s largest open-air prison. Relevant to both Gaza and the West Bank as a comprehensive history of the occupation’s origins and design. Recommended for historians, policy researchers, and students seeking to understand the origins and design of Israeli occupation in the West Bank and Gaza, including land confiscation, settlement strategy, and collective punishment as policy.